Meta Analysis Shows Calcium Supplementation Reduces Fractures and Improves BMD.

Calcium supplementation, either alone or in combination with vitamin D, is an effective preventive treatment for osteoporosis in older adults, according to a new meta-analysis published in The Lancet (2007;370:657-66). Researchers from the University of Sydney, Australia, selected 29 randomized trials including a total of 63,897 subjects over 50 years of age, that analyzed primary outcomes of fractures and percentage change of bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline. In trials that reported fracture as an outcome (17 trials with 52,625 subjects), supplementation was associated with a 12% risk reduction in all types of fractures; fracture risk reduction was significantly greater, at 24%, in trials that reported a high rate of subject compliance. Trials using BMD as a primary outcome (23 trials with 41,419 subjects) found supplementation could reduce the rate of bone loss of 0.54% at the hip and 1.19% in the spine. Effectiveness of calcium supplementation was also found to be greater when levels were at least 1,200 mg of calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D daily.

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